This article will describe UFW.
Table of Contents
1 Install UFW
Install ufw package.
$ sudo apt install -y ufw $ sudo systemctl enable ufw $ sudo systemctl restart ufw
2 Logging
Enabling logging will output log to /var/log/ufw.log.
$ sudo ufw logging on
Disabling logging is the following.
$ sudo ufw logging off
3 Add rule
The "ufw allow" allows port.
$ sudo ufw allow 22/tcp
Service name in /etc/services can be used.
$ sudo ufw allow ssh
Some package provides the configuration file for UFW rule. Because there are packages which uses multiple port like samba, the configuration file for UFW rule is useful.
The configuration files for UFW rule are in /etc/ufw/applications.d.
$ ls /etc/ufw/applications.d/ cups openssh-server samba $ cat /etc/ufw/applications.d/openssh-server [OpenSSH] title=Secure shell server, an rshd replacement description=OpenSSH is a free implementation of the Secure Shell protocol. ports=22/tcp
"ufw app list" shows list.
$ sudo ufw app list Available applications: CUPS OpenSSH Samb
Use Available applications name for "ufw allow".
$ sudo ufw allow OpenSSH
Use "ufw deny" to deny port.
$ sudo ufw deny <port>
4 Show rule list
"ufw status" shows list of allowed and denied ports.
$ sudo ufw status Status: active To Action From -- ------ ---- OpenSSH ALLOW Anywhere OpenSSH (v6) ALLOW Anywhere (v6)
5 Delete rule
"ufw delete" deletes allowed and denied ports.
$ sudo ufw delete allow <port> $ sudo ufw delete deny <port>
6 Enable UFW
Enabling UFW will deny all ports except for allowed ports. If OpenSSH is not allowed, next SSH session will be denied.
$ yes | sudo ufw enable
This article uses yes command for accepting the following message.
Command may disrupt existing ssh connections. Proceed with operation (y|n)?
7 Firewall via GUI with gufw
The gufw provides GUI interface for ufw.
$ sudo apt install -y gufw
Run gufw command on the terminal. gufw needs unlock with password.
$ gufw
Click Unlock and input user password.
Add rule with clicking "+" button. Select ports to be allowed at the Preconfigured tab. SAMBA will allow 137,138/udp and 139,445/tcp. At the Simple tab, you can select port number to be allowed.
